History
Margate has a vital role in the history of the seaside holiday as a pioneering location of the concept. The 1750s saw Margate as the home of the first bathing machines, the first Georgian square built in a seaside town, the first development beyond the historic footprint of a coastal town, and the first development created specifically to serve holidaymakers.
As the influx of tourism gained pace throughout the 18th century, Margate was transformed from a small working fishing town into a haven for society, attracting nobility for the ‘season’ in the same fashion as the spa city of Bath. The benefits of the sea air and bathing led to Margate becoming a desirable location to convalesce; The Royal Sea Bathing Hospital – the first of its kind – was opened in 1791.
The town’s proximity to London meant that Margate had already long been at the vanguard of seaside discovery for many living in the city. However, the dawn of the railway in the first half of the 19th century meant that coastal towns further afield suddenly opened up as destinations for wealthy holidaymakers, and Margate faced competition for the first time. Yet its pioneering spirit remained, and when the first trains arrived in Margate in 1846, the town became the first viable holiday destination for lower-middle-class tourists. This brought the concept of a holiday to the masses and drove forward reforms to working standards, such as The Bank Holiday Act of 1871.
The town grew rapidly throughout the 19th century, expanding eastward to the area of Cliftonville. This area was built as a retreat from what had become a bustling and boisterous town centre, boasting its own beaches and offering a more sedate pace of holiday. The beaches around Cliftonville remain very popular in part thanks to the Grade II-listed Walpole Bay Tidal Pool constructed in 1937 during the Physical Fitness Campaign, which saw the large-scale building of Lidos and sports facilities. Margate was recently granted the Government Town Deal fund, allocated for the future regeneration of Margate and Cliftonville, including the restoration of the Walpole Bay Tidal Pool.

